The origin of metals can be traced back to various processes that occur in the universe.
A metal (from Ancient Greek μέταλλον métallon ‘mine, quarry, metal’) is a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typically ductile (can be drawn into wires) and malleable (they can be hammered into thin sheets). These properties are the result of the metallic bond between the atoms or molecules of the metal.
These processes collectively contribute to the formation and distribution of metals throughout the universe, including our own planet Earth. Over billions of years, Earth’s metal content has been shaped by the accumulation of materials from various sources, such as meteorite impacts, volcanic activity, and geological processes.
Metals are a category of chemical elements characterized by their luster, conductivity, malleability, and ductility. They are typically solid at room temperature (except for mercury, which is a liquid) and have high melting and boiling points. Here are some common types of metals:
- Aluminum (Al): Lightweight and highly abundant metal used in various applications, including construction, transportation, and packaging.
- Iron (Fe): Widely used metal known for its strength and durability. It is a key component in the production of steel and is used in construction, manufacturing, and transportation industries.
- Copper (Cu): Excellent conductor of electricity and heat. Copper is used in electrical wiring, plumbing, and various electronic devices.
- Silver (Ag): Valuable and highly conductive metal used in jewelry, currency, and electronic components. It is also known for its antimicrobial properties.
- Gold (Au): Highly valued metal prized for its rarity, beauty, and corrosion resistance. Gold is commonly used in jewelry, investment, and electronics.
- Titanium (Ti): Lightweight and strong metal with excellent corrosion resistance. It is used in aerospace applications, medical implants, and sporting goods.
- Zinc (Zn): Essential element used primarily as a protective coating for steel (galvanization). It is also present in batteries, alloys, and various industrial applications.
- Nickel (Ni): Versatile metal used in the production of stainless steel, batteries, magnets, and various alloys. It is also used in the plating of other metals.
- Lead (Pb): Dense and malleable metal used in construction, batteries, and radiation shielding. However, due to its toxicity, its use has been significantly reduced in many applications.
- Tin (Sn): Malleable metal often used as a protective coating for other metals (tin-plating). It is also used in soldering, packaging, and the production of alloys.
Hammered Cuff made of Brass by Ayleen López.